Our aim is to investigate how much quicker Essay

Aim- Our aim is to investigate how much quicker a answer exceeds if the blistering we use of goods and servicess strength goes up, and also to see if thither is a pattern which could be carried on to high strength acids.Background Science- chemic reactions play a very important part in our life, almost even keep us alive (the process of our digestion system is a serial of chemical reactions which convert food into chemicals which can be to a greater extent(prenominal) easily used by our bodies), other circumstances where chemical reactions are used in our bodies that cut down the amount of acid in your stomach, there are also chemicals in washing powder for removing stains by using chemicals c on the wholeed enzymes which speed up the breakdown of the chemicals in stains.All chemical reactions happen at various speeds, such as chemicals in fireworks which react very fast, within seconds of the firework universe lit the reaction is over. Slow chemical reactions could be such things as the ripening of cheese so it can mature over time. Some adhesives we use require two chemicals to be mixed depending on the amounts used it could make the glue harden speedily or slowly. Some reactions happen slowly whereas some happen very fast. The name in which we measure a speed of a reaction is called a Rate Of Reaction.It can be heedful in two ways, either the order in which peerless of the products is enhanced, one of the products that is produced is gas, you can measure gas in a syringe or in a upturned burette. Another method that can be used is recording mass of the reactant, (how much the mass has added to its weight of lost). The mass could be put down every thin and could be writdecade like this, 1. 0g/60secs. Variables- We had four variables to choose from, Temperature, Concentration, Surface area/Pressure and Catalyst.If we were to use temperature we would measure how much quicker the reaction would go if the acid and calcium were heated together, b ut we would urinate to keep the temperature at a constant heat as it wouldnt be a medium test if the reactants were getting hotter and colder. If we were to use a catalyst it would be used to speed up the reaction, but this would be unfair because we wouldnt be able to measure how much extra speed is being put in by the catalyst.Or we could change the surface area of the reactant, this would give the acid much of a area to act on, to measure this we would have to weigh the calcium first then expose it to the acid for a certain time and then motor it out and weigh it, making sure we use the same concentration of acid each time to make it a fair test. We decided to use Concentration, for this we would change the strength of concentration each time and take a volume of gas that is given attain every ten seconds.From choosing the variable Concentration we can measure the rate of gas that is being given of, this could be useful because we could work out how much gas per minute is b eing given off, from that we can then predict how much gas is being given off for any time you need to find. Prediction- I think that as the strength of the acid goes up the rate of reaction will go up. Collision Theory- I think this will happen because the higher the strength of the solution the more particles there are in the solution, which means more collisions more frequently.The acid will hit the calcium carbonate, if there is enough energy in the acid the calcium and acid will react together to give off Carbon Dioxide. The more the particles collide the prompt they react. I have made a predicted graph, leavening what I think the graph will look like. I have drawn in the lines of outdo fit showing the steepness of the line. This diagram shows how the acid particles collide with the marble chip to give off a gas. Method- Set up setup as shown above. 1. Measure out desired amount of marble chips. 2.Measure out desired amount of hydrochloric acid 0. 25 mole first, then when all experiments with 1 mole have been completed go onto 0. 5 mole then 1 mole then 1. 5 and finally 2 mole. 3. take up up the water bowl. 4. Fill measuring cylinder with water up to 100 ml. 5. Holding hand over the top of the measuring cylinder quickly turn it upside down and place it under the water (as shown above). If the water comes out refill the cylinder and try again. 6. Place tube so one end is coming up in the cylinder under water. 7. Put the marbles in the chronicle flask. 8.Pour in the hydrochloric acid and quickly attach the top with the tube coming out of it into the chronicle flask. 9. Decide at what time you will measure how much gas is given off. We decided to take a reading every 10 seconds, we also decided to start taking the readings at 30 seconds. You measure how much gas is given off by the water dropping in the measuring cylinder. E. g. 10 mls given off in the first 30 seconds. 10. Take these readings for 100 seconds using a stop watch to be precise. I am goi ng to take 3 repeats, I am doing 3 because I can get a fair average from these 3 results.From the averages I will plot a graph to compare the different strength acids. Analysis- (Graphs). From my graphs I clearly show the variable of different strengths of acids. As I used higher strength acids, the time in which the gas was produced got much faster. As the acids get stronger the lines become more inline. Whereas the 0. 5 points were all over the place. From my results I can see that my prediction was correct I think that as the strength of the acid goes up the rate of reaction will go up.I could see that from my results the strength of acid went up and the speed it took to make the gas went down. This links to the collision theory, that is that as the strength of the acid went up there were more particles to collide on the marble, which meant that more gas was given of due to more particles in the small mixture. The higher the strength of acid the more accurate the results became, we can see this because the range bars get smaller as the strength of the acid gets stronger. From the predicted graph I can see a difference in the results graph.The 1 mole strength acid has taken longer than the 0. 5 mole acid to produce the gas. I will explain the possible reasons for this more in my evaluation. Evaluation- The main difficulty we faced was with the 2 mole strength acid because it reacted so fast we barely had time to read the times precisely. This may have meant we had unfair results. The main anomalous results were the 1 mole results, because from the information we have (collision theory) it tells us that it is stronger than the 0. 5 mole which means it should be lower than on the graph than 0. 5. But it isnt.This may have been because the results were read wrong, the acid we used may have been slightly too strong or the marble chips we used may have been smaller which means it is easier for the acids to break down. To improve the accuracy we could use a burett e, which are far more accurate than a measuring cylinder or a gas cylinder. Gas Syringe Burette Computer selective information collectors are a very accurate way of registering the time, also if you were to use a camera recorder so you could look back at it and waver it when it got to the times when you needed to record a time.The results would never be the same because sometimes the measurement of marble chips maybe slightly more or less, or the accuracy of reading the time would be slightly out etc. As I said earlier in my investigation the results seemed to become more reliable as the strength of acid went up. Although it should be less accurate to measure the time as the acid strength went up it seemed to be more accurate. James Lane 11N Rates Of Reaction Investigation.